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Gross Domestic Product by County and Metropolitan Area, 2023

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Real gross domestic product (GDP) increased in 2,357 counties, decreased in 734 counties, and was unchanged in 23 counties in 2023, according to estimates released today by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. The percent change in real GDP ranged from 125.8 percent in Throckmorton County, TX, to –39.6 percent in Lincoln County, WA (table 1).

GDP is the value of final goods and services produced within a county. The size of a county's economy as measured by GDP varies considerably across the United States. In 2023, the total level of real GDP ranged from $17.0 million in Petroleum County, MT, to $802.0 billion in Los Angeles County, CA.

In large counties (147 counties with populations greater than 500,000 in 2023):

  • Real GDP increased in 142 counties and decreased in five counties.
  • GDP ranged from $17.7 billion in Pasco County, FL, to $802.0 billion in Los Angeles County, CA.
  • San Mateo County, CA, had the largest increase, at 7.7 percent. The information industry was the leading contributor to the county's growth.
  • Nassau County, NY, had the largest decrease, at –1.0 percent. The finance and insurance industry was the leading contributor to the decline.

    • In medium counties (478 counties with populations between 100,000 and 500,000 in 2023):

  • Real GDP increased in 428 counties, decreased in 45 counties, and was unchanged in five counties.
  • GDP ranged from $2.5 billion in Liberty County, TX, to $45.9 billion in Somerset County, NJ.
  • Midland County, TX, had the largest increase, at 32.3 percent. The mining industry was the leading contributor to the county's growth.
  • Elkhart County, IN, had the largest decrease, at –9.3 percent. The durable-goods manufacturing industry was the leading contributor to the decline.

    • In small counties (2,489 counties with populations less than 100,000 in 2023):

  • Real GDP increased in 1,787 counties, decreased in 684 counties, and was unchanged in 18 counties.
  • GDP ranged from $17.0 million in Petroleum County, MT, to $11.6 billion in Reeves County, TX.

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    October 06, 2026 12:30
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